This generational and chronological list of Intel microprocessors attemptsto present all of Intel 's processors from the pioneering 4-bit 4004 (1971) to the present high-end offerings, which include the 64-bit Itanium 2 (2002), Intel Core 2 , and Xeon 5100 and 7100 series processors (2006). Concise technical data is given for each product.
Contents
1 The 4-bit processors
1.1 Intel 4004
1.2 Intel 4040
2 The 8-bit processors
2.1 8008
2.2 8080
2.3 8085
3 Microcontrollers
3.1 Intel 80483.2 Intel 8051
3.3 MCS-96 Family
4 The bit-slice processor
4.1 3000 Family
5 The 16-bit processors: MCS-86 family
5.1 8086
5.2 8088
5.3 80186
5.4 80188
5.5 80286
6 32-bit processors: the non-x86 microprocessors
6.1 iAPX 432
6.2 i960 aka 80960
6.3 i860 aka 80860
6.4 XScale
7 32-bit processors: the 80386 range
7.1 80386DX
7.2 80386SX
7.3 80376
7.4 80386SL
7.5 80386EX
8 32-bit processors: the 80486 range
8.1 80486DX
8.2 80486SX
8.3 80486DX2
8.4 80486SL
8.5 80486DX4
9 32-bit processors: P5 microarchitecture
9.1 Original Pentium
9.2 Pentium with MMX Technology
10 32-bit processors: P6/Pentium M microarchitecture
10.1 Pentium Pro
10.2 Pentium II
10.3 Celeron (Pentium II-based)
10.4 Pentium III
10.5 Pentium II and III Xeon
10.6 Celeron (Pentium III Coppermine-based)
10.7 Celeron (Pentium III Tualatin-based)
10.8 Pentium M
10.9 Celeron M
10.10 Intel Core
10.11 Dual-Core Xeon LV
11 32-bit processors: NetBurst microarchitecture
11.1 Pentium 4
11.2 Xeon
11.3 Mobile Pentium 4-M
11.4 Pentium 4 EE
11.5 Pentium 4E
11.6 Pentium 4F
12 64-bit processors: IA-64
12.1 Itanium
12.2 Itanium 2
13 64-bit processors: Intel 64 – NetBurst microarchitecture
13.1 Pentium 4F
13.2 Pentium D
13.3 Pentium Extreme Edition
13.4 Xeon
14 64-bit processors: Intel 64 – Core microarchitecture
14.1 Xeon
14.2 Intel Core 2
14.3 Pentium Dual Core
14.4 Celeron
14.5 Celeron M
15 64-bit processors: Intel 64 – Nehalem microarchitecture
15.1 Intel Pentium
15.2 Core i3
15.3 Core i5
15.4 Core i7
15.5 Xeon
16 64-bit processors: Intel 64 – Sandy Bridge / Ivy Bridge microarchitecture
16.1 Celeron
16.2 Pentium
16.3 Core i3
16.4 Core i5
16.5 Core i7
17 Intel 805xx product codes
18 Intel 806xx product codes
19 See also
20 References
21 External links
[ edit ] The 4-bit processors
[ edit ] Intel 4004
first single-chip microprocessor
*. Introduced November 15, 1971
*. Clock rate 740 kHz [ 1 ]
*. 0.07 MIPS
*. Bus Width 8 bits (multiplexed address/data due to limited pins)
*. PMOS
*. Number of Transistors 2,300 at 10 µm
*. Addressable Memory 640 bytes
*. Program Memory 4 KB (4 KB )
*. One of the earliest Commercial Microprocessors ( cf . Four Phase Systems AL1 , F14 CADC )
*. Originally designed to be used in Busicom calculator
MCS-4 Family:
*. 4004 – CPU
*. 4001 – ROM & 4-Bit Port
*. 4002 – RAM & 4-Bit Port
*. 4003 – 10-Bit Shift Register
*. 4008 – Memory+I/O Interface
*. 4009 – Memory+I/O Interface
[ edit ] Intel 4040
MCS-40 Family:
*. 4040 – CPU
*. 4101 – 1024-bit (256 × 4) Static RAM with separate I/O
*. 4201 – 4 MHz Clock Generator
*. 4207 – General Purpose Byte I/O Port
*. 4209 – General Purpose Byte I/O Port
*. 4211 – General Purpose Byte I/O Port
*. 4265 – Programmable General Purpose I/O Device
*. 4269 – Programmable Keyboard Display Device
*. 4289 – Standard Memory Interface for MCS-4/40
*. 4308 – 8192-bit (1024 × 8) ROM w/4-bit I/O Ports
*. 4316 – 16384-bit (2048 × 8) Static ROM
*. 4702 – 2048-bit (256 × 8) EPROM
*. 4801 – 5.185 MHz Clock Generator Crystal for 4004/4201A or 4040/4201A
[ edit ] The 8-bit processors
[ edit ] 8008
*. Introduced April 1, 1972
*. Clock rate 500 kHz (8008–1: 800 kHz)
*. 0.05 MIPS
*. Bus Width 8 bits (multiplexed address/data due to limited pins)
*. Enhancement load PMOS logic
*. Number of Transistors 3,500 at 10µm
*. Addressable memory 16 KB
*. Typical in early 8-bit microcomputers, dumb terminals, general calculators, bottling machines
*. Developed in tandem with 4004
*. Originally intended for use in the Datapoint 2200 microcomputer
*. Key volume deployment in Texas Instruments 742 microcomputer in>3,000 Ford dealerships
[ edit ] 8080
*. Introduced April 1, 1974
*. Clock rate 2 MHz (very rare 8080B: 3 MHz)
*. 0.29 MIPS [ 2 ]
*. Bus Width 8 bits data, 16 bits address
*. Enhancement load NMOS logic
*. Number of Transistors 6,000, 6μm
*. Assembly language downwards compatible with 8008.
*. Addressable memory 64 KB
*. Up to 10X the performance of the 8008
*. Used in the Altair 8800 , Traffic lightcontroller , cruise missile
*. Required six support chips versus 20 for the 8008
[ edit ] 8085
*. Introduced March 1976
*. Clock rate 3 MHz [ 3 ]
*. 0.37 MIPS
*. Bus Width 8 bits data, 16 bits address
*. Depletion load NMOS logic
*. Number of Transistors 6,500 at 3µm
*. Binary compatible downwards with the 8080.
*. Used in Toledo scales . Also was used as a computer peripheral controller – modems, hard disks, printers, etc.
*. CMOS 80C85 in Mars Sojourner , Radio Shack Model 100 portable .
*. High level of integration, operating for the first time on a single 5-volt power supply, from 12 volts previously. Also featured serial I/O, 3 maskable interrupts , 1 non-maskable interrupt, 1 externally expandable interrupt w/[8259], status, DMA.
*. MCS-85 family contains processors and peripherals
[ edit ] Microcontrollers
They are ICs with CPU, RAM, ROM (or PROM or EPROM), I/O Ports, Timers & Interrupts
[ edit ] Intel 8048
*. Single accumulator Harvard architecture
MCS-48 family:
*. 8020 – Single-Component 8-Bit Microcontroller
*. 8021 – Single-Component 8-Bit Microcontroller
*. 8022 – Single-Component 8-Bit Microcontroller With On-Chip A/D Converter
*. 8035 – Single-Component 8-Bit Microcontroller
*. 8039 – Single-Component 8-Bit Microcontroller
*. 8040 – Single-Component 8-Bit Microcontroller
*. 8041 – Universal Peripheral Interface 8-Bit Slave Microcontroller
*. 8641 – Universal Peripheral Interface 8-Bit Slave Microcontroller
*. 8741 – Universal Peripheral Interface 8-Bit Slave Microcontroller
*. 8042 – Universal Peripheral Interface 8-Bit Slave Microcontroller
*. 8742 – Universal Peripheral Interface 8-Bit Slave Microcontroller
*. 8243 – Input/Output Expander
*. 8048 – Single-Component 8-Bit Microcontroller
*. 8048 – Single-Component 8-Bit Microcontroller
*. 8748 – Single-Component 8-Bit Microcontroller
*. 8048 – Single-Component 8-Bit Microcontroller
*. 8049 – Single-Component 8-Bit Microcontroller
*. 8749 – Single-Component 8-Bit Microcontroller
*. 8050 – Single-Component 8-Bit Microcontroller
[ edit ] Intel 8051
*. Single accumulator Harvard architecture
MCS-51 Family:
*. 8031 – 8-Bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller
*. 8032 – 8-Bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller
*. 8044 – High Performance 8-Bit Microcontroller
*. 8344 – High Performance 8-Bit Microcontroller
*. 8744 – High Performance 8-Bit Microcontroller
*. 8051 – 8-Bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller
*. 8052 – 8-Bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller
*. 8054 – 8-Bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller
*. 8058 – 8-Bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller
*. 8351 – 8-Bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller
*. 8352 – 8-Bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller
*. 8354 – 8-Bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller
*. 8358 – 8-Bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller
*. 8751 – 8-Bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller
*. 8752 – 8-Bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller
*. 8754 – 8-Bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller
*. 8758 – 8-Bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller
*. 80151 – 8-Bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller
*. 83151 – 8-Bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller
*. 87151 – 8-Bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller
*. 80152 – 8-Bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller
*. 83152 – 8-Bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller
*. 80251 – 8-Bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller
*. 87251 – 8-Bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller
[ edit ] MCS-96 Family
*. 8094 – 16-Bit Microcontroller (48-Pin ROMLess Without A/D)
*. 8095 – 16-Bit Microcontroller (48-Pin ROMLess With A/D)
*. 8096 – 16-Bit Microcontroller (68-Pin ROMLess Without A/D)
*. 8097 – 16-Bit Microcontroller (68-Pin ROMLess With A/D)
*. 8394 – 16-Bit Microcontroller (48-Pin With ROM Without A/D)
*. 8395 – 16-Bit Microcontroller (48-Pin With ROM With A/D)
*. 8396 – 16-Bit Microcontroller (68-Pin With ROM Without A/D)
*. 8397 – 16-Bit Microcontroller (68-Pin With ROM With A/D)
*. 8794 – 16-Bit Microcontroller (48-Pin With EROM Without A/D)
*. 8795 – 16-Bit Microcontroller (48-Pin With EROM With A/D)
*. 8796 – 16-Bit Microcontroller (68-Pin With EROM Without A/D)
*. 8797 – 16-Bit Microcontroller (68-Pin With EROM With A/D)
*. 8098 – 16-Bit Microcontroller
*. 8398 – 16-Bit Microcontroller
*. 8798 – 16-Bit Microcontroller
*. 80196 – 16-Bit Microcontroller
*. 83196 – 16-Bit Microcontroller
*. 87196 – 16-Bit Microcontroller
*. 80296 – 16-Bit Microcontroller
[ edit ] The bit-slice processor
[ edit ] 3000 Family
Intel D3002
Introduced in the third quarter of 1974, these components used bipolar Schottky transistors. Each component implemented two bits ofa processor function; packages could be interconnected to build a processor with any desired word length. Members of the family:
*. 3001 – Microcontrol Unit
*. 3002 – 2-bit Arithmetic Logic Unit slice
*. 3003 – Look-ahead Carry Generator
*. 3205 – High-performance 1 Of 8 Binary Decoder
*. 3207 – Quad Bipolar-to-MOS Level Shifter and Driver
*. 3208 – Hex Sense Amp and Latch for MOS Memories
*. 3210 – TTL-to-MOS Level Shifter and High Voltage Clock Driver
*. 3211 – ECL-to-MOS Level Shifter andHigh Voltage Clock Driver
*. 3212 – Multimode Latch Buffer
*. 3214 – Interrupt Control Unit
*. 3216 – Parallel,Inverting Bi-Directional Bus Driver
*. 3222 – Refresh Controller for 4K NMOS DRAMs
*. 3226 – Parallel, Inverting Bi-Directional Bus Driver
*. 3232 – Address Multiplexer and Refresh Counter for 4K DRAMs
*. 3242 – Address Multiplexer and Refresh Counter for 16K DRAMs
*. 3245 – Quad Bipolar TTL-to-MOS Level Shifter and Driver for 4K
*. 3246 – Quad Bipolar ECL-to-MOS Level Shifter and Driver for 4K
*. 3404 – High-performance 6-bit Latch
*. 3408 – Hex Sense Amp and Latch for MOS Memories
Bus Width 2* n bits data/address (depending on number n of slices used)
[ edit ] The 16-bit processors: MCS-86 family
[ edit ] 8086
*. Introduced June 8, 1978
*. Clock rates:
*. 5 MHz with 0.33 MIPS [ 3 ]
*. 8 MHz with 0.66 MIPS
*. 10 MHz with 0.75 MIPS
*. The memory is divided into odd and even banks; it accesses both banks concurrently to read 16 bits of data in one clock cycle
*. Bus Width 16 bits data, 20 bits address
*. Number of Transistors 29,000 at 3µm
*. Addressable memory 1 megabyte
*. Up to 10X the performance of 8080
*. Used in portable computing, and in the IBM PS/2 Model 25 and Model 30 . Also used in the AT&T PC6300 / Olivetti M24 , a popular IBM PC-compatible (predating the IBM PS/2 line).
*. Used segment registers to access more than 64 KB of data at once, which many programmers complained made their work excessively difficult. [ citation needed ]
[ edit ] 8088
*. Introduced June 1, 1979
*. Clock rates:
*. 5 MHz with 0.33 MIPS
*. 8 MHz with 0.66 MIPS [ 3 ]
*. Internal architecture 16 bits
*. External bus Width 8 bits data, 20 bits address
*. Number of Transistors 29,000 at 3µm
*. Addressable memory 1 megabyte
*. Identical to 8086 except for its 8-bit external bus (hence an 8 instead of a 6 at the end)
*. Used in IBM PCs and PC clones
[ edit ] 80186
*. Introduced 1982
*. Clock rates
*. 6 MHz with > 1 MIPS
*. Number of Transistors 29,000 at 2µm
*. Included two timers, a DMA controller , and an interrupt controller on the chip in addition tothe processor (these were at fixed addresses which differed from the IBM PC, making it impossible to build a 100% PC-compatible computer around the 80186).
*. Added a few opcodes and exceptions to the 8086 design; otherwise identical instruction set to 8086 and 8088.
*. Used mostly in embedded applications – controllers, point-of-sale systems, terminals, and the like
*. Used in several non-PC-Compatible MS-DOS computers including RM Nimbus, Tandy 2000 , and CP/M 86 Televideo PM16 server
*. Later renamed the iAPX 186
[ edit ] 80188
*. A version of the 80186 with an 8-bit external data bus
*. Later renamed the iAPX 188
[ edit ] 80286
*. Introduced February 1, 1982
*. Clock rates:
*. 6 MHz with 0.9 MIPS
*. 8 MHz, 10 MHz with 1.5 MIPS
*. 12.5 MHz with 2.66 MIPS
*. 16 MHz, 20 MHz and 25 MHz available.
*. Bus Width: 16 bits data, 24 bits address.
*. Included memory protection hardware to support multitasking operating systems with per-process address space
*. Number of Transistors 134,000 at 1.5 µm
*. Addressable memory 16 MB
*. Added protected-mode features to 8086 with essentially the same instruction set
*. 3–6X the performance of the 8086
*. Widely used in IBM-PC AT and AT clones contemporary to it
[ edit ] 32-bit processors: the non-x86 microprocessors
[ edit ] iAPX 432
*. Introduced January 1, 1981 as Intel's first 32-bit microprocessor
*. Multi-chip CPU; Intel's first 32-bit microprocessor
*. Object/capability architecture
*. Microcoded operating system primitives
*. One terabyte virtual address space
*. Hardware support for fault tolerance
*. Two-chip General Data Processor (GDP), consists of 43201 and 43202
*. 43203 Interface Processor (IP) interfaces to I/O subsystem
*. 43204 Bus Interface Unit (BIU) simplifies building multiprocessor systems
*. 43205 Memory Control Unit (MCU)
*. Architecture and execution unit internal data base paths 32 bit
*. Clock rates:
*. 5 MHz
*. 7 MHz
*. 8 MHz
[ edit ] i960 aka 80960
*. Introduced April 5, 1988
*. RISC -like 32-bit architecture
*. Predominantly used in embedded systems
*. Evolved from the capability processor developed for the BiiN joint venture with Siemens
*. Many variants identified by two-letter suffixes.
[ edit ] i860 aka 80860
*. Introduced February 27, 1989
*. RISC 32/64-bit architecture, with floating point pipeline characteristics very visible to programmer
*. Used in the Intel iPSC/860 Hypercube parallel supercomputer
*. Mid-life kicker in the i870 processor (primarily a speed bump,some refinement/extension of instruction set)
*. Used in the Intel Delta massively parallel supercomputer prototype, emplaced at California Institute of Technology
*. Used in the Intel Paragon massivelyparallel supercomputer, emplaced at Sandia National Laboratory
[ edit ] XScale
*. Introduced August 23, 2000
*. 32-bit RISC microprocessor based on the ARM architecture
*. Many variants, such as the PXA2xx applications processors, IOP3xx I/Oprocessors and IXP2xxx and IXP4xx network processors.
[ edit ] 32-bit processors: the 80386 range
[ edit ] 80386DX
*. Introduced October 17, 1985
*. Clock rates:
*. 16 MHz with 5 MIPS
*. 20 MHz with 6 to 7 MIPS, introduced February 16, 1987
*. 25 MHz with 7.5 MIPS, introduced April 4, 1988
*. 33 MHz with 9.9 MIPS (9.4 SPECint92 on Compaq/i 16K L2), introduced April 10, 1989
*. Bus Width 32 bits data, 32 bits address
*. Number of Transistors 275,000 at 1µm
*. Addressable memory 4 GB
*. Virtual memory 64 TB
*. First x86 chip to handle 32-bit data sets
*. Reworked and expanded memory protection support including pagedvirtual memory and virtual-86 mode, features required at the time by Xenix and Unix . This memory capability spurred the development and availability of OS/2 and is a fundamental requirement for modern operating systems like Linux , Windows , and Mac OS .
*. Used in desktop computing
[ edit ] 80386SX
*. Introduced June 16, 1988
*. Clock rates:
*. 16 MHz with 2.5 MIPS
*. 20 MHz with 3.1 MIPS, introduced January 25, 1989
*. 25 MHz with 3.9 MIPS, introduced January 25, 1989
*. 33 MHz with 5.1 MIPS, introduced October 26, 1992
*. Internal architecture 32 bits
*. External data bus width 16 bits
*. External address bus width 24 bits
*. Number of Transistors 275,000 at 1µm
*. Addressable memory 16 MB
*. Virtual memory 32 GB
*. Narrower buses enable low-cost 32-bit processing
*. Used in entry-level desktop and portable computing
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